Te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o te dimethyldiethoxysilane

Ko te kapia silicone otinga whānui te nuinga whakamahia rite te waerau taketake o te paninga wera-ātete, rangi ātete paninga me te tiketike-pāmahana rauemi mātao hiko.

1.2 whanaketanga hangarau o te kapia silicone

I roto i nga momo polymers silicone katoa, ko te kapia silicone he momo hua silicone kua whakahiatohia me te tono wawe.Ka whakatauritea ki te whanaketanga tere o te hangarau whakahou tauira rapa silicone, he puhoi te whakapai ake o te hangarau o te kapia silicone, he iti noa nga waahanga hangarau nui.Mai i te 20 tau ki muri, na te ahunga whakamua hangarau o nga polymers wera-wera heterocyclic kakara, ko etahi o ratou i whakamahia tuatahi ki te mara o te kapia silicone.Heoi, na te paitini whakarewa me nga tikanga whakaora kino o nga polymers hau-wera heterocyclic kakara i iti te tono.I nga tau tata nei, ka tiimata nga tangata ki te aro nui ki te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o te kapia silicone.Ko te kapia Silicone he whanui te awhe pāmahana me te ātete tawhito.He pai nga mahi me nga mahi makuku-makuku hydrophobic me etahi atu painga nui, he tohu kei te nui ake te waahi whanaketanga a te kapia silicone a meake nei.

2. Kapia silicone whānui

2.1 tukanga whakaputa o te kapia silicone whānui

Ko nga momo silicones he rereke nga rauemi mata me nga huarahi waihanga.I roto i tenei pepa, ka tukuna noa te tukanga whakaputa o nga momo kapia silicone.

2.1.1 methyl silicone

2.2.1.1 te whakahiato o te kapia methylsilicone mai i te methylchlorosilane

Ko nga Methylsilicones ka whakahiatohia me te methylchlorosilane hei rauemi mata matua.Na te rereke o te hanganga me te hanganga o nga silicones (te tohu whakawhiti o nga silicones, ara, [CH3] / [Si] uara), he rereke nga tikanga whakahiato.

A, no te iti R / Si ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.0) methyl silicone kapia te synthesized, te hydrolysis me te condensation tere tauhohenga o te matua raw monomers methyltrichlorosilane he tino tere, me te pāmahana tauhohenga me tino whakahaere i roto i te 0 ℃ , me kawe te tauhohenga i roto i te whakarewa pūhui, me te wa rokiroki o te hua tauhohenga i te pāmahana rūma he ra torutoru noa iho.He iti noa te uara o tenei momo hua.

I roto i te whakahiato o te R / Si methylsilicone resin, ka whakamahia te methyltrichlorosilane me te dimethyldichlorosilane.Ahakoa he paku puhoi ake te tauhohenga whakamaarama hydrolytic o te ranunga o te methyltrichlorosilane me te dimethyldichlorosilane i tera o te methyltrichlorosilane anake, he rereke te tere o te tauhohenga hydrolytic condensation o te methyltrichlorosilane me te dimethyldichlorosilane, i te nuinga o te wa ka puta mai i te hauhautanga hydrolytic o te methyltrichlorosilane i mua.Ko te hydrolyzate kaore i te rite ki te ōwehenga o nga monomers e rua, a ko te methyl chlorosilane he maha nga wa ka whakahiatohia hei hanga i te reera hono-a-rohe, ka puta he kino nga ahuatanga matawhānui o te methyl silicone resin i whiwhi mai i te hydrolysis o nga monomer e toru.

2.2.1.2 te whakahiato o te methylsilicone mai i te methylalkoxysilane

Ka taea te whakahaere i te tere tauhohenga o te hauhautanga o te methylalkoxysilane ma te huri i nga tikanga tauhohenga.Ka timata mai i te methylalkoxysilane, ka taea te whakahiato i te kapia methylsilicone me nga nekehanga rereke rereke.

Ko nga methylsilicones arumoni me te tohu ngawari o te whakawhiti ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.2-1.5) ko te nuinga o te waa e rite ana ma te hydrolysis me te whakamaaramatanga o te methylalkoxysilane.Ko nga monomers o te methyltriethoxysilane me te dimethyldiethoxysilane kua parahia e te whakamaaramatanga ka konatunatua ki te wai, ka tapirihia ki te waikawa hauwai, te nui ranei o te kapia whakawhiti katote waikawa kaha (he pai ake te hua o te kapia whakawhiti katote waikawa kaha macroporous), ka ora.Ka whakamahia te paru taihemahema (i muri i te whakamaroketanga o te waikawa) hei whakakorikori, whakamahana me te hauwai.Ka tae ki te waahi mutunga, taapirihia te nui o te hexamethyldisilazane ki te whakakore i te waikawa maatawai whakakorikori, ka tarai ranei i te kapia whakawhiti katote, te paru hohe ranei hei whakakorikori ki te whakamutu i te tauhohenga whakakorikori.Ko te hua ka puta he otinga waipiro o te kapia methylsilicone.

2.2.2 methyl phenyl silicone

Ko nga rawa matua mo te hanga ahumahi o te methylphenyl silicone resin ko te methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane me Diphenyldichlorosilane.Ko etahi, ko te katoa ranei o nga monomers i runga ake nei ka taapirihia ki te toluene, ki te xylene ranei, ka konatunatua ki te rahinga tika, ka maka ki te wai i raro i te whakaohooho, ka whakahaeretia te pāmahana mo te tauhohenga waiwai, me te HCl (wairewa wai waikawa waikawa pūhaumāota), te hua o te tauhohenga, ka tangohia. ma te horoi wai.Ka whiwhihia te otinga silicone hydrolyzed, katahi ka whakaeto tetahi waahanga o te whakarewa hei hanga i te waipiro silicone concentrated, katahi ka rite te kapia silicone ma te whakamaarama makariri me te tauhohenga wera wera ranei, ka whiwhi te kapia silicone kua oti ma te filtration me te kapi.

2.2.3 kaupapa whānui methyl phenyl vinyl kapia silicone me ona wāhanga e pā ana

Ko te mahi hanga o te methyl phenyl vinyl silicone resin he rite ki te methyl phenyl silicone resin, engari hei taapiri atu ki te methyl chlorosilane me te phenyl chlorosilane monomers, he tika te nui o te methyl vinyl dichlorosilane me etahi atu vinyl kei roto i nga monomers silicone ka whakauruhia ki roto i te hydrolysis raw. rauemi.Ko nga monomers whakauru i whakamarohia, ka horoia, ka whakapoihia kia whiwhi ai i te silanol hauwai, me te taapiri i te tote waikawa waikawa waro whakakorikori, te whakamahana i te wera ki te pokey kua tautuhia, te whakahaere ranei i te mutunga o te tauhohenga whakamaarama i runga i te wa whakangao, me te whakarite i te kapia silicone methyl phenyl vinyl.

Ko te Methylphenyl hydropolysiloxane, e whakamahia ana hei waahanga whakawhiti hei taapiri i te tauhohenga o te kapia silicone methylphenyl vinyl, ko te nuinga o te waa he mowhiti, he polymer raina ranei me te iti o te polymerization.Ka hangaia e ratou ma te whakamaroketanga me te hurihanga o te methylhydrodichlorosilane, ma te CO hydrolysis ranei me te condensation o te methylhydrodichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane me te trimethylchlorosilane.

2.2.4 silicone whakarerekētia

Ko te hanga o te whakaranu i te kapia silicone whakarerekētia me te kapia waro ko te nuinga o te tikanga kei roto i te toluene, i te otinga xylene ranei o te kapia silicone methylphenyl, te taapiri i te kapia alkyd, te kapia phenolic, te kapia kiriaku me etahi atu kapia waro, ka tino whakakotahi kia rite te hua.

Ko te kapia silicone kua whakarereketia e te raupapa o nga tauhohenga matū.Ko nga kapia pararopi ka taea te kape ki te silicone ko te polyester, te epoxy, te phenolic, te melamine formaldehyde, te polyacrylate, me etahi atu. Ka taea te whakamahi i nga momo huarahi waihanga ki te whakarite i te kapia silicone copolymerized, engari ko te tikanga hanga ahumahi ko te copolymerization o te waipiro silicone me kapia waro.Arā, ko te hydrolysis o te methyl chlorosilane me te phenyl chlorosilane monomers ki te whiwhi i te wairewa waipiro silicon hydrolyzed, i te otinga kukū ranei, a ka whakauru i te prepolymer kapia pararopi i mua ki te whakakorikori, ka whakakotahi i te whakarewa whakaetonga wera, te taapiri i te zinc, zinc naphthenate me etahi atu whakakorikori, me te tauhohenga cocondensation i 150-170 tohu pāmahana, tae noa ki te rauemi tauhohenga tae pokey tika ranei wa gelation whakaritea, meangiti, Tāpiri whakarewa ki te tareka me te tātari ki te whiwhi i te hua oti o te kapia silicone copolymerized.