Ko te matua o te rangahau me te hanga rapa silicone i Haina - dimethyldiethoxysilane

Basic rapa silicone vulcanized wera

I timata a Haina ki te rangahau me te hanga i te rapa mata o te wera puia (e mohiotia ana ko te whakamaarama wera) rapa silicone i te mutunga o nga tau 1950.Kaore i te mutunga o te ao i timata a Haina ki te torotoro i te rapa silicone.Na te mahi whakawhanaketanga e hiahia ana te maha o nga hydrolysates teitei-pure o te dimethyldichlorosilane (mai i te octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4, DMC ranei) ka whiwhi; i mua, na te kore o te maha o te methylchlorosilane, he uaua ki te tiki i te maha. o te dimethyldichlorosilane parakore, a kaore i te nui ki te whakamatautau te whakaputa i nga rauemi mata taketake o te rapa silicone raw octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. He hiahia ano hoki mo nga whakakorikori e tika ana i roto i te whakakoi whakakoi mowhiti, he raru nui i te timatanga o te whanaketanga. He tino uaua te hanga ahumahi o te methylchlorosilane, na nga kaimahi hangarau o nga waahanga e tika ana i Haina kua nui te utu me te whakapau i te wa roa.

Ko Yang Dahai, Shenyang Chemical Research Institute, me etahi atu i whakaatu i nga tauira o te rapa silicone i mahia mai i te dimethyldichlorosilane i hanga e ia ki te huritau 10 o te ra o te motu.Lin Yi me Jiang Yingyan, kairangahau o te Institute o te matū, Hainamana Academy o Pūtaiao, kawea hoki i roto i te whanaketanga o te methyl silicone rapa rawa wawe.I te tekau tau atu i 1960, he maha atu nga waeine i hanga rapa silicone.

I muri noa i te angitu o te whakahiato tika o te methylchlorosilane i roto i te moenga ohooho, ka taea te whiwhi i nga rauemi mata mo te whakahiato o te rapa silicone raw.Na te mea he tino akiaki te tono mo te rapa silicone, na reira kei Shanghai me Te Tai Tokerau Haina ki te timata ki te whakawhanake rapa silicone.Hei tauira, ko Shanghai Chemical Research Institute i Shanghai e rangahau ana i te whakahiato o te methyl chlorosilane monomer me te torotoro me te whakamatautau o te rapa silicone;Ko te tipu matū o Shanghai Xincheng me te tipu kapia Shanghai ka whakaarohia te whakahiato o te rapa silicone mai i te tirohanga o te hanga.

I te raki, ko te Rangahau Rangahau o te kamupene Jihua, he turanga ahumahi matū i Haina, ko te nuinga o nga mahi rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o te rapa waihanga.I muri mai, ka piki ake te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o te rapa silicone na Zhu BAOYING.He whare hoahoa me nga tipu whakangao kei roto i te kamupene Jihua, he pai te ahua o te mahi tahi ki te whakawhanake i te huinga katoa o nga mahi mai i te methyl chlorosilane monomer ki te rapa silicone synthetic.

I roto i te 1958, i nekehia te wahi organosilicon o Shenyang Chemical Research Institute ki te Beijing Chemical Research Institute hou.I te timatanga o nga tau 1960, i whakaturia e Shenyang Chemical Research Institute he Tari Rangahau organosilicon te upoko e Zhang Erci me koutou Qingxuan ki te whakawhanake i te monomer organosilicon me te rapa silicone.E ai ki nga whakaaro o te Tari Tuarua o te Manatū o te ahumahi matū, i uru a Shenyang Chemical Research Institute ki te whakawhanaketanga o te rapa silicone i te Whare Rangahau o te kamupene matū Jilin.Na te mea ko te whakahiato o te rapa silicone me whakakai vinyl, na Shenyang Chemical Research Institute mo te whakahiato o te methylhydrodichlorosilane me etahi atu monomers organosilicon tautoko.

Ko te hanga tuatahi o te rapa silicone i Shanghai he "raupapa porowhita"

I te tau 1960, i whakawhiwhia e te kamupene kirihou o Shanghai Chemical Industry Bureau te Xincheng te tipu matū he mahi ki te whakawhanake rapa silicon e tino hiahiatia ana e te umanga hoia.Na te mea he chloromethane te tipu, he pesticide by-product of organosilicon raw material, kei a ia nga tikanga ki te synthesize methyl chlorosilane, he rauemi mata o te rapa silicon.Ko te tipu matū Xincheng he tipu mahi tahi a te iwi me te tangata motuhake, e rua anake nga tohunga hangarau, ko Zheng Shanzhong me Xu Mingshan.I tautuhia e ratou nga take hangarau matua e rua i roto i te kaupapa rangahau rapa silicone, ko tetahi ko te purenga o te dimethyldichlorosilane, ko tetahi atu ko te ako o te tukanga polymerization me te whiriwhiringa o te whakakorikori.I taua wa, ka aukatihia nga monomers organosilicon me nga takawaenga i Haina.I taua wa, he iti te ihirangi o te dimethyldichlorosilane i roto i te whakahiatotanga o te monomer methylchlorosilane i roto i te moenga o te whare, a, kaore ano kia whakatinanahia te hangarau whakamaarama pai, na reira kaore e taea te whiwhi i te tini o te monomer dimethyldichlorosilane parakore teitei hei raw. rauemi o te rapa silicone.No reira, ka taea e ratou anake te whakamahi i te dimethyldichlorosilane me te iti o te parakore ka taea te whiwhi i taua wa ki te whakarite i nga hua o te ethoxyl ma te waipiro.Ko te tawhiti i waenga i te ira koropu o te methyltriethoxysilane (151 ° C) me te ira koropuputanga o te dimethyldiethoxysilane (111 ° C) i muri i te waipiro he ahua nui, me te rereke o te ira koropuke he 40 ° C, he ngawari ki te wehe, na reira ka taea te whiwhi te dimethyldiethoxysilane me te parakore teitei.I muri iho, ka whakamarohia te dimethyldiethoxysilane ki te octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (methyld4).I muri i te hautautanga, ka puta te D4 parakore teitei, i whakatau i te raru o nga rauemi mata o te rapa silicone.Ka kiia e ratou te tikanga mo te whiwhi D4 na roto i nga tikanga arataki o te waipiro waipiro "nga tikanga porowhita".

I te timatanga o te rangahau me te whanaketanga o te rapa silicone i Haina, he kore mohio ki te tukanga whakahiato o te rapa silicone i nga whenua o te hauauru.Ko etahi o nga waeine i whakamatau i nga whakakorikori whakatuwhera mowhiti penei i te waikawa pungatara, ferric chloride, konumohe sulfate, me etahi atu. he tukanga tino kino ki te whakamahi i tenei whakakorikori tuwhera-koropiko.

Ko Zheng Shanzhong raua ko Xu Mingshan, nga kaiwhakaputa rangitahi e rua e mohio ana ki nga ahuatanga ahurei, e whakaaro ana kei a ia te whaitake me te ahua matatau.Kaore e taea e ia anake te whakapai ake i te kounga o te rapa silicone, engari ka tino ngawari te mahi i muri i te tukatuka.I tera wa, kaore ano nga whenua ke i whakamahia mo nga mahi ahumahi.I whakatau ratou ki te whakahiato i te tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide me te tetrabutyl phosphonium hydroxide ma ratou ano, me te whakataurite.I whakaaro ratou he pai ake te ahua o mua, no reira ka whakapumautia te tukanga polymerization.Na, he maha nga rau kirokaramu o te rapa silicone maramara me te maamaa i hangaia ma nga taputapu pairati i hangaia e ia ano.I te marama o Hune o te tau 1961, ka tae mai a Yang Guangqi, te kaiwhakahaere o te Tari Tuarua o te Manatu o te ahumahi matū, ki te wheketere mo te tirotiro me te tino koa ki te kite i nga hua rapa silicone tohu.Ahakoa he nui te utu o te rapa i hangaia e tenei tikanga, ko te rapa silicone ka taea te whakaputa papatipu ka whakaiti i te hiahia ohorere i taua wa.

Ko te wheketere kapia a Shanghai, na Shanghai Chemical Industry Bureau, i whakatu tuatahi he moenga whakakorikori 400mm te whanui i Haina hei whakaputa i nga monomers methyl chlorosilane.He hinonga tera ka taea te tuku monomers methyl chlorosilane i roto i nga roopu i tera wa.I muri i tera, ki te whakatere i te whanaketanga o te ahumahi silicone i Shanghai me te whakatika i te kaha o te silicone, Shanghai Chemical Bureau hanumi Xincheng matū tipu ki Shanghai tipu kapia, a ka haere tonu ki te kawe i te whakamātautau o te pūrere tukanga kōtuitanga tonu o te pāmahana teitei silicone vulcanized rapa.

Kua whakaturia e Shanghai Chemical Industry Bureau he awheawhe motuhake mo te hinu silicone me te hanga rapa silicone i Shanghai wheketere kapia.Ko te wheketere kapia o Shanghai i whakamatau pai te whakaputa i te hinu papu tiritiri nui, e rua-waahanga ruma te pāmahana rapa silicone vulcanized, phenyl methyl silicone hinu me etahi atu, ka aukatihia e nga whenua ke.Ko te wheketere kapia a Shanghai he wheketere matawhānui ka taea te whakaputa i nga momo momo hua silicone i Haina.Ahakoa i te tau 1992, na te whakarereketanga o te whakatakotoranga ahumahi i Shanghai, me whakamutu te hanga o te methyl chlorosilane me etahi atu monomers i te wheketere kapia a Shanghai, me te hoko i nga monomers me nga takawaenga hei whakaputa i nga hua o raro.Heoi, ko te wheketere kapia a Shanghai he koha e kore e ngaro ki te whakawhanaketanga o nga monomers organosilicon me nga rauemi polymer organosilicon i Haina.